Coralpedia - Verongula rigida

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AcroporidaeAcropora cervicornis Acropora palmata Acropora proliferaAgariciidaeAgaricia agaricites Agaricia fragilis Agaricia grahamae Agaricia humilis Agaricia lamarcki Agaricia tenuifolia Agaricia undata Leptoseris cucullata Leptoseris speciesAstrocoeniidaeMadracis carmabi Madracis decactis Madracis formosa Madracis mirabilis Madracis pharensis Madracis senaria Stephanocoenia interseptaDendrophylliidaeBalanophyllia grandis Leptopsammia trinitatis Tubastraea coccineaFaviidaeCladocora arbuscula Colpophyllia natans Diploria clivosa Diploria labyrinthiformis Diploria strigosa Favia fragum Manicina areolata Montastraea annularis Montastraea cavernosa Montastraea faveolata Montastraea franksi Solenastrea bournoniHydrozoansMillepora alcicornis Millepora complanata Millepora squarrosa Millepora striata Stylaster roseusMeandrinidaeDendrogyra cylindrus Dichocoenia stokesii Eusmilia fastigiata Meandrina danae Meandrina meandrites Meandrina species 1MussidaeIsophyllastrea rigida Isophyllia sinuosa Mussa angulosa Mycetophyllia aliciae Mycetophyllia danaana Mycetophyllia ferox Mycetophyllia lamarckiana Mycetophyllia reesii Scolymia cubensis Scolymia laceraPoritidaePorites astreoides Porites branneri Porites colonensis Porites divaricata Porites furcata Porites poritesSiderastreidaeSiderastrea radians Siderastrea siderea

FingersCladocora arbuscula Eusmilia fastigiata Madracis carmabi Madracis decactis Madracis formosa Madracis mirabilis Porites divaricata Porites furcata Porites porites Stylaster roseus Tubastraea coccineaFire CoralsMillepora alcicornis Millepora complanata Millepora squarrosa Millepora striataLarge BranchesAcropora cervicornis Acropora palmata Acropora proliferaLumpyMadracis pharensis Madracis senariaMassive BrainsColpophyllia natans Dendrogyra cylindrus Dichocoenia stokesii Diploria clivosa Diploria labyrinthiformis Diploria strigosa Isophyllia sinuosa Manicina areolata Meandrina danae Meandrina meandrites Meandrina species 1Massive StarAgaricia humilis Favia fragum Isophyllastrea rigida Montastraea annularis Montastraea cavernosa Montastraea faveolata Montastraea franksi Porites astreoides Porites branneri Siderastrea radians Siderastrea siderea Solenastrea bournoni Stephanocoenia interseptaSolitary or GroupsBalanophyllia grandis Leptopsammia trinitatis Mussa angulosa Scolymia cubensis Scolymia laceraThick LeafyMycetophyllia aliciae Mycetophyllia danaana Mycetophyllia ferox Mycetophyllia lamarckiana Mycetophyllia reesii Porites colonensisThin LeafyAgaricia agaricites Agaricia fragilis Agaricia grahamae Agaricia lamarcki Agaricia tenuifolia Agaricia undata Leptoseris cucullata Leptoseris species

AgelasidaeAgelas citrina Agelas clathrodes Agelas conifera A Agelas conifera B Agelas dispar Agelas tubulata Agelas wiedenmayeriAplysinellidaeSuberea species 1AplysinidaeAiolochroia crassa A Aiolochroia crassa B Aiolochroia crassa C Aplysina archeri A Aplysina archeri B Aplysina cauliformis A Aplysina cauliformis B Aplysina fistularis Aplysina fulva Aplysina insularis Aplysina lacunosa Verongula gigantea Verongula reiswigi Verongula rigida Verongula sppAxinellidaePtilocaulis walpersiCallyspongiidaeCallyspongia fallax Callyspongia plicifera Callyspongia vaginalis A Callyspongia vaginalis BChondrillidaeChondrilla nuculaClionaidaeCliona aprica Cliona caribbaea Cliona delitrix Cliona laticavicola Cliona tenuis Cliona varians Spheciospongia vespariumCoelosphaeridaeLissodendoryx colombiensisCrambeidaeMonanchora arbusculaDesmacellidaeNeofibularia nolitangereDesmacididaeDesmapsamma anchorataDictyodendrillidaeDictyodendrilla nux Svenzea zeaiDictyonellidaeScopalina ruetzleriGeodiidaeGeodia neptuniIotrochotidaeIotrochota birotulataIrciniidaeIrcinia campana Ircinia felix Ircinia species 1 Ircinia species 2 Ircinia strobilinaMicrocionidaeClathria virgultosa Pandaros acanthifoliumMycalidaeMycale laevis Mycale laxissimaNiphatidaeAmphimedon complanata Amphimedon compressa Cribrochalina infundibulum Niphates digitalisOceanapiidaeOceanapia bartschiPetrosiidaePetrosia pellasarca Xestospongia muta Xestospongia proxima Xestospongia rosariensis Xestospongia subtriangularisPlakinidaePlakinastrella onkodes Plakortis sppRaspailiidaeEctyoplasia feroxSpirastrellidaeDiplastrella megastellata Spirastrella coccineaTetillidaeCinachyrella sppThorectidaeHyrtios cavernosus Smenospongia cerebriformis Smenospongia conulosa

BarrelsGeodia neptuni Verongula gigantea Xestospongia mutaBoring-EncrustingCliona aprica Cliona caribbaea Cliona delitrix Cliona laticavicola Cliona tenuis Cliona varians Diplastrella megastellata Ectyoplasia ferox Monanchora arbuscula Mycale laevis Scopalina ruetzleri Spirastrella coccinea Xestospongia proximaBowls and SheetsAgelas clathrodes Cribrochalina infundibulum Petrosia pellasarcaChains of TubesAgelas conifera A Agelas conifera B Desmapsamma anchorata Smenospongia cerebriformis Smenospongia conulosa Xestospongia subtriangularisMassive SpongesAgelas citrina Agelas dispar Aiolochroia crassa A Aiolochroia crassa C Chondrilla nucula Cinachyrella spp Dictyodendrilla nux Hyrtios cavernosus Ircinia campana Ircinia felix Ircinia species 1 Ircinia species 2 Ircinia strobilina Lissodendoryx colombiensis Neofibularia nolitangere Plakinastrella onkodes Plakortis spp Spheciospongia vesparium Svenzea zeaiRopes and FansAmphimedon complanata Amphimedon compressa Aplysina cauliformis A Aplysina cauliformis B Aplysina fulva Clathria virgultosa Iotrochota birotulata Pandaros acanthifolium Ptilocaulis walpersiTubesAgelas tubulata Agelas wiedenmayeri Aiolochroia crassa B Aplysina archeri A Aplysina archeri B Aplysina fistularis Aplysina insularis Aplysina lacunosa Callyspongia fallax Callyspongia plicifera Callyspongia vaginalis A Callyspongia vaginalis B Mycale laxissima Niphates digitalis Oceanapia bartschi Suberea species 1 Verongula reiswigi Verongula rigida Verongula spp Xestospongia rosariensis

AnthothelidaeErythropodium caribaeorumAntipathariaAntipathes caribbeana Antipathes pennaceaBriareidaeBriareum asbestinum Briareum species 1CorallimorphsRicordea floridaGeneral ViewsMixed CommunitiesGorgoniidaeGorgonia flabellum Gorgonia mariae Gorgonia ventalina Iciligorgia schrammi Pseudopterogorgia acerosa Pseudopterogorgia americana Pseudopterogorgia bipinnata Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae Pseudopterogorgia rigida Pterogorgia anceps Pterogorgia citrina Pterogorgia guadalupensisHydroidaDentitheca dendriticaPlexauridaeEunicea calyculata Eunicea laciniata Eunicea laxispica Eunicea mammosa Eunicea pallida Eunicea palmeri Eunicea species 1 Eunicea succinea Eunicea tourneforti Muriceopsis bayeriana Muriceopsis flavida Plexaura flexuosa Plexaura homomalla Plexaurella species Plexaurella dichotoma Plexaurella grisea Plexaurella nutans Pseudoplexaura crucis Pseudoplexaura flagellosa Pseudoplexaura porosaZoanthidaePalythoa caribbaeorum

Black CoralsAntipathes caribbeana Antipathes pennaceaCandelabrasPlexaura flexuosa Plexaura homomallaCorallimorphsRicordea floridaEncrustingErythropodium caribaeorumFlat BladesPterogorgia anceps Pterogorgia citrina Pterogorgia guadalupensisGeneral ViewsMixed CommunitiesGorgoniansGorgonia flabellum Gorgonia mariae Gorgonia ventalina Iciligorgia schrammiHydrozoansDentitheca dendriticaLong CalicesEunicea calyculata Eunicea laciniata Eunicea laxispica Eunicea mammosa Eunicea palmeri Eunicea species 1 Eunicea tournefortiLong CallicesEunicea pallida Eunicea succineaPlumes - FeatherPseudopterogorgia americanaPlumes - FeathersMuriceopsis flavida Pseudopterogorgia acerosa Pseudopterogorgia bipinnata Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae Pseudopterogorgia rigidaShort BranchesMuriceopsis bayerianaTall BushesPlexaurella species Plexaurella dichotoma Plexaurella grisea Plexaurella nutans Pseudoplexaura crucis Pseudoplexaura flagellosa Pseudoplexaura porosaUnbranched FingersBriareum asbestinum Briareum species 1ZoanthidsPalythoa caribbaeorum

English Espa�ol Notes

Photo 1 of

Verongula rigida(Esper 1794)

This forms clusters or chains of tubes which are brown to orange-brown. The surface is either covered with a net-shaped pattern or is patterned with bumps and ridges. In several examples both patterns are seen, with the bumps merging into ridges.

Exhalent openings are well defined with smooth rims, commonly yellow.